Toward AI-Ready Auditing

A Model Context Protocol (MCP) Network for Oversight Institutions

Authors

  • Adriano Marabuco de Albuquerque Lima TCE/PE

Keywords:

Model Context Protocol (MCP), Artificial Intelligence Agents, Public Sector Auditing, Digital Government, Accountability, Interoperability

Abstract

Public audit institutions face growing complexity in analyzing procurement, payroll, and budget data, while current AI applications remain fragmented and raise concerns about transparency and trust. This paper proposes a federated network of Model Context Protocol (MCP) servers, operated by oversight bodies to expose validated datasets and analytic workflows through standardized, policy-aware interfaces. AI agents interact with MCP servers under controlled authentication and logging, producing reproducible and auditable outputs. We outline a reference architecture, an explainable agent workflow, governance safeguards, and an illustrative use case in payroll auditing, arguing that MCP infrastructures can enable an AI-ready, citizen-centric audit ecosystem that enhances both efficiency and accountability.

Author Biography

Adriano Marabuco de Albuquerque Lima, TCE/PE

Ph.D. (in progress) and an M.Sc. in Computer Science from the Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE). He also holds degrees in Law (USP) and Business Administration (FGV/EAESP), with specializations in Public Law and Machine Learning. His research focuses on artificial intelligence, time series forecasting, and auditing applications, with publications in Procedia Computer Science and leading Brazilian computing conferences (SBSI, ENIAC). Professionally, he serves as an External Control Analyst at the Court of Accounts of Pernambuco (TCE/PE) and has prior experience as an Internal Control Auditor in São Luís. His interdisciplinary background combines computing, management, and law, with a particular interest in applying AI and data science to enhance public sector accountability.


Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/5477365718517046

E-mail: adrianomarabuco@tcepe.tc.br

References

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JANSSEN, M.; KUK, G. Big and open linked data (BOLD) in government: A challenge to transparency and accountability. Government Information Quarterly, v. 33, n. 4, p. 563–567, 2016.

KARPAS, E. et al. What can AI agents do? A survey. Proceedings of AAAI, 2022.

OECD. Digital Government Review. Paris: OECD Publishing, 2020.

POWER, M. The Audit Society: Rituals of Verification. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2021.

ZHANG, J.; YANG, L. Detecting anomalies in public sector data with machine learning. ACM Transactions on Management Information Systems, v. 12, n. 3, p. 1–18, 2021.

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Published

2026-07-17

Issue

Section

Eixo 4 - Inteligência Artificial e transformação digital na auditoria pública